Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria (14671)
Peru, South America
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Global KBA criteria: A1b, A1d, B1, B2
Year of last assessment: 2023
National site name: Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria
Central coordinates: Latitude: -5.2179, Longitude: -74.7809
System: terrestrial
Elevation (m): 100 to 200
Area of KBA (km2): 21717.9296
Protected area coverage (%): 100.00
KBA classification: Global
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: The KBA Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria is also the Pacaya Samiria National Reserve, and covers 21717.931 sq km and is located in Perú, within the department of Loreto, provinces of Loreto, Requena, Ucayali, and Alto Amazonas. The altitude range of this KBA is 100-200 masl, and the climate types present are: (1) warm, very rainy with abundant humidity all year round and (2) warm, rainy with abundant humidity all year round. The maximum temperature varies between 31°C and 33°C; the minimum temperature ranges between 21°C and 25°C; and the annual precipitation ranges between 2000 mm and 5000 mm. The KBA Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria harbors the following ecosystems: Flooded alluvial forest, Palm swamps, Low hill forest, Non-floodable terrace forest, Herbaceous and shrubby swamp, secondary vegetation, urban area and Varillal.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: The KBA Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that meets the thresholds for A1, B1 and B2 criteria described in the Global Standard for the Identification of KBA. The KBA Pacaya Samiria National Reserve harbors at least three Vulnerable plants, one endemic and range restricted haversment species (Stygnus klugi), one Vulnerable primate (Aotus nancymaae), one Vulnerable frog (Ranitomeya benedicta), the range restricted fish Cyphocharax derhami and tree range restricted bird species.
Additional biodiversity: Lagothrix lagothricha poeppigii, Gymnotus ucamara , Cheirodon luelingi, Oxybrycon parvulus, Lepthoplosternum ucamara, Hylaeamys perenensis, Phyllostomus elongatus, Carollia castanea, Carollia perspicillata, Rhinophylla pumilio, Artibeus anderseni, Artibeus planirostris, Glossophaga soricina, Molossus molossus, Proechimys brevicauda, Artibeus obscurus, Desmodus rotundus, Uroderma bilobatum, Neacomys spinosus, Phyllostomus hastatus, Platyrrhinus brachycephalus, Proechimys cf. simonsi, Proechimys cuvieri, Sciurus igniventris, Artibeus glaucus, Artibeus lituratus, Chiroderma trinitatum, Chiroderma villosum, Cuniculus paca, Lophostoma silvicolum, Marmosops noctivagus, Myotis albescens, Noctilio albiventris, Phylloderma stenops, Phyllostomus discolor, Proechimys steerei, Rhynchonycteris naso, Sturnira giannae, Lophostoma brasiliense, Lophostoma silvicolum, Trachops cirrhosus, Uroderma magnirostrum, Carollia brevicauda, Choeroniscus minor, Holochilus sciureus, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Lonchophylla thomasi, Mesophylla macconnelli, Metachirus myosuros, Molossops temminckii, Neacomys minutus, Nectomys squamipes, Nectomys apicalis, Platyrrhinus helleri, latyrrhinus vittatus, Proechimys simonsi , Proechimys steerei, Sciurus spadiceus, Vampyressa bidens, Vampyressa thyone, Vampyriscus bidens. Birds: Chaetura pelagica, Myrmoborus lugubris, Myrmoborus melanurus, Harpia harpyja, Agamia agami, Conirostrum margaritae, Chaetura pelagica, Pyrrhira peruviana, Ramphastos culminatus, Sternula superciliaris, Leucippus chlorocercus, Nonnula brunnea, Tigrisoma lineatum, Ardea cocoi, Ardea alba, Butorides striata, Pilherodius pileatus, Mesembrinibis cayennensis, Phaetusa simplex, Picumnus castelnau, Furnarius minor, Anhima cornuta, Bartramia longicauda, Sterna hirundo, Actitis macularius, Contopus virens, Riparia riparia, Hirundo rustica, Catharus ustulatus, Piranga rubra, Cochlearius cochlearius, Zebrilus undulatus, Sternula superciliaris, Cacicus sclateri, Talaphorus chlorocercus, Amblydoras nauticus
Manageability of the site: Being a National Reserve this KBA can be managed by the National Service of Protected Natural Areas - SERNANP (https://www.gob.pe/sernanp).
Supersedes another site: -
Other site values: There are 92 population centers (hamlets, small villages and communities) within the KBA. These belong to the Kukama Kukamilla, Kiwcha, Shipibo Conibo, Shiwilu and Kacha Edzé indigenous groups.
Source: SERNANP. (2009). Plan Maestro Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria 2009-2013. https://old.sernanp.gob.pe/sernanp/archivos/biblioteca/publicaciones/RN_Pacaya/Plan%20Maestro%202009-2014%20RN%20Pacaya%20Samiria%20ver%20pub.pdf
Delineation rationale: The KBA Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria covers the same area of Pacaya Samiria National Reserve, and therefore shares the same borders.
Habitats
Summary of habitats in KBA: Forest 50-60%, Wetland (inland) 30-40%, Other 1-10%
Land use: National protected area managed by the Peruvian Goverment
| IUCN Habitat | Coverage % | Habitat detail |
|---|---|---|
| Wetlands(Inland) | 35 | |
| Other | 5 | |
| Forest | 55 |
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: This site is threatened by the exploitation of natural resources, such as logging and wood harvesting, hunting, fishing, and the effects of climate change.
| Threat level 1 | Threat level 2 | Threat level 3 | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biological resource use | Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | ||
| Climate change & severe weather | Ongoing | ||
| Biological resource use | Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources | Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded | |
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting | Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded | |
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching | Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | Ongoing |
| Biological resource use | Gathering terrestrial plants | Unintentional effects (species being assessed is not the target) | Ongoing |
| Biological resource use | Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | Unintentional effects (species being assessed is not the target) | Ongoing |
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting | Unintentional effects: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest] | Ongoing |
| Residential & commercial development | Tourism & recreation areas | Ongoing | |
| Energy production & mining | Oil & gas drilling | Only in the future | |
| Human intrusions & disturbance | Recreational activities | Ongoing |
Additional information
References: MINAM (2018) National Ecosystems Map of Peru. In SINIA (National Environmental Information System). https://sinia.minam.gob.pe/mapas/mapa-nacional-ecosistemas-peru.
Castro, A., Dávila, C., Laura, W., Cubas Saucedo, F., Ávalos, G., López, C., ... & Marín, D.(2021). Climate of Perú: National climate classification map. https://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=mapa-climatico-del-peru
Contributors: Laura Graham-Angeles, Víctor Pacheco, Sam Shanee, Max Hidalgo, Arli Ayala, Emmy Medina, Juan Grados, Isabeu Cruz-Ríos, Joaquina Albán, Alejandra Arana, Letty Salinas, César Aguilar, Victor Sánchez and Camila Dávila.