Bahuaja-Sonene (14725)
Peru, South America
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Global KBA criteria: B1, B2
Year of last assessment: 2023
National site name: Bahuaja-Sonene
Central coordinates: Latitude: -13.5023, Longitude: -69.3543
System: terrestrial
Elevation (m): 400 to 2100
Area of KBA (km2): 13118.96355
Protected area coverage (%): 83.31
KBA classification: Global
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: The KBA Bahuaja-Sonene is located within Peru, in the departments of Madre de Dios (province of Tambopata), and in the department of Puno (province of Carabaya and Sandia). The climate types present in the KBA Bahuaja-Sonene are: (1) warm and very rainy with abundant humidity all year round; (2) temperate and rainy with abundant humidity all year round; and (3) temperate, semi-dry with abundant humidity all year round. In the former the average maximum temperature ranges from 31°C to 33°C; the average minimum temperature ranges from 21°C to 25°C and the annual precipitation varies between 2100 mm and 5000 mm; in the second the average maximum temperature ranges from 25°C to 29°C; the average minimum temperature ranges from 11°C to 17°C and the annual precipitation varies between 1200 mm and 3000 mm ; in the third, the average maximum temperature ranges from 21°C to 25°C; the average minimum temperature ranges from 7°C to 11°C and the annual precipitation varies between 700 mm and 2000 mm. The KBA Bahuaja-Sonene presents the following ecosystems: Bosque basimontano de Yunga, Bosque de terraza no inundable, Bosque de colina baja, Bosque aluvial inundable, Bosque de colina alta.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: The KBA Bahuaja-Sonene qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that meets the thresholds for the B1 and B2 criteria described in the Global Standard for the Identification of KBA. The KBA Bahuaja-Sonene harbors at least two range restricted frogs (Pristimantis divnae and Oreobates granulosus) and six range restricted birds (Chiroxiphia boliviana, Phlogophilus harterti, Myiothlypis chrysogaster,Tinamus osgoodi, Poecilotriccus albifacies and Formicarius rufifrons).
Additional biodiversity: Harpi harpyja, Ara militaris, Primolius couloni, Tinamus tao, Neochen jubata, Agamia agami, Agelasticus xanthophthalmus, Picumnus subtilis, Euchrepomis sharpei, Herpsilochmus axillaris, Coryphaspiza melanotis, Hemitriccus rufigularis, Morphnus guianensis, Psophia leucoptera, Syndactyla ucayalae, Phlogophilus harterti, Myiothlypis chrysogaster, Touit huetii, Akletos goeldii, Sternula superciliaris, Ardea cocoi, Pilherodius pileatus, Mesembrinibis cayennensis, Ardea alba, Cranioleuca curtata, Ramphastos culminatus, Myrmelastes brunneiceps, Brachygalba albogularis, Cercomacra manu, Chaetura egregia, Crypturellus atrocapillus, Cymbilaimus sanctaeariae, Epinecrophylla leucophthalma, Eubucco tucinkae, Galbula cyanescens, Heliodoxa branickii, Hemitriccus flammulatus, Heterocercus linteatus, Hyponecmoides maculicauda, Islerothraupis rufiventer, Lanio versicolor, Leucopternis kuhli, Malacoptila semicincta, Myrmoborus lophotes, Myrmotherula iheringi, Myrmotherula sclateri, Nannopsittaca dachilleae, Oneillornis salvini, Phaethornis philippii, Picumns aurifrons, Pteroglossus beauharnaisii, Pyrrhura rupicola, Thamnomanes chistogynus, Anhima cornuta, Hulopezus berlepschi, Conothraupis speculigera, Crypturellus strigulosus, Lophotriccus eulophotes, Neopelma sulphureiventer, Pionites leucogaster, Synallaxis cabanisi, Euchrepomis sharpei.
Manageability of the site: Since Bahuaja-Sonene KBA enclosures an Protected Natural Area (ANP), it can be managed by the National Service of Protected Natural Areas - SERNANP.
Supersedes another site: -
Other site values: Native Community Harakbut in Kotsimba
Delineation rationale: The limits of the KBA follow exactly the limits of the National Park Bahuaja-Sonene and its buffer zone.
Habitats
Summary of habitats in KBA: Forest 70-80%,
Wetland (inland) 10-20%,
Other 1-10%
Land use: Natural Protected Area, managed by the Peruvian Government
| IUCN Habitat | Coverage % | Habitat detail |
|---|---|---|
| Forest | 75 | |
| Wetlands(Inland) | 15 | |
| Other | 5 |
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: This site is mainly threatened by the effects of agriculture and livestock farming, possible future road development, pollution and natural resources exploitation.
| Threat level 1 | Threat level 2 | Threat level 3 | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching | Ongoing | |
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops | Small-holder farming | Ongoing |
| Biological resource use | Gathering terrestrial plants | Unintentional effects (species being assessed is not the target) | Ongoing |
| Pollution | Domestic & urban waste water | Type Unknown/Unrecorded | Ongoing |
| Energy production & mining | Oil & gas drilling | Only in the future | |
| Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Only in the future | |
| Pollution | Garbage & solid waste | Ongoing |
Additional information
References: MINAM (2018) National Ecosystems Map of Peru. In SINIA (National Environmental Information System). https://sinia.minam.gob.pe/mapas/mapa-nacional-ecosistemas-peru.
Castro, A., Dávila, C., Laura, W., Cubas Saucedo, F., Ávalos, G., López, C., ... & Marín, D.(2021). Climate of Perú: National climate classification map. https://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=mapa-climatico-del-peru
Contributors: César Aguilar, Letty Salinas, Alejandra Arana, Victor Sánchez, Laura Graham-Angeles and Camila Dávila.