Sugarloaf Island, Clarence Island (29459)
Antarctica, Antarctica
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Global KBA criteria: D1a
Year of last assessment: 2015
National site name: Sugarloaf Island, Clarence Island
Central coordinates: Latitude: -61.2015, Longitude: -53.9974
System: marine, terrestrial
Elevation (m): 0 to 500
Area of KBA (km2): 0.82314
KBA classification: Global
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: Clarence Island is the easternmost of the South Shetland Islands, lying 30 km east of Elephant Island. Sugarloaf Island lies ~100 m east from an ice free point mid-way along the eastern coast of Clarence Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and the high concentration of seabirds (in particular Chinstrap Penguin and Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)). The IBA includes all of Sugarloaf Island, the adjacent ice free area of coast on Clarence Island and the intervening marine area. There are no research stations in the near vicinity, the closest being around 260 km to the southwest, on King George Island.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that meets the thresholds for at least one criterion described in the Global Standard for the Identification of KBAs.
Additional biodiversity: Approximately 57 500 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding at the ice free point (referred to as ‘Fur Seal Point' in Croxall & Kirkwood 1979) and on the adjacent Sugarloaf Island in 1977, along with two smaller breeding sites comprising 12 950 pairs located onshore ~ 1 km to the north (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979). Southern Fulmar also breed on the ice free slopes adjacent to Sugarloaf Island, one of the two known breeding sites for this species on Clarence Island, the other being at Craggy Point. Approximately 25 475 pairs of Southern Fulmar were estimated over the whole of Clarence Island in 1977 (Furse 1978). Non-bird biodiversity: None known.
Delineation rationale: Shortest perimeter around island groups and/or ice-free areas ≤ 5 km2, including marine areas as appropriate.
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: None known.
Additional information
References: Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge. Furse, J. R. 1978. Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island group, 1976 – 77. Unpublished report, BAS archives, Cambridge.