Gunung Rinjani (15922)
Indonesia, Asia
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Year of last assessment: 2014
National site name: Gunung Rinjani
Central coordinates: Latitude: -8.4170, Longitude: 116.3920
System: terrestrial
Elevation (m): 300 to 3726
Area of KBA (km2): 1329.00303
Protected area coverage (%): 30.76
KBA classification: Global/Regional TBD
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: Gunung Rinjani (3736 m) is one of the highest mountain in Indonesia and it is the highest mountain in Wallacea (Coates et.al. 1997). The dormant crater become a lake (Segara Anak 1125 ha) (Wibowo & Suyatno 1998).
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance because it meets one or more previously established criteria and thresholds for identifying sites of biodiversity importance (including Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, Alliance for Zero Extinction sites, and Key Biodiversity Areas) KBA identified by the 2014 CEPF Wallacea Ecosystem Profile process. Taxonomy and threat status follow the 2013 IUCN Red List.
Additional biodiversity: This area is the most important site for birds onLombok Island. Last recorded Flores Green Pigeon Treron floris was in 1909 (Rensch 1931). Yellow-crested Cockatoo Cacatua sulphurea previously reported as extinct in this area (PHPA/LIPI/BirdLife-IP 1998), however an observation in 2000 by V.Nijman (personal communication.) and W. Prayitno (personal communication) recorded this species. Chestnut-backed Thrush Zoothera dohertyi has become difficuly bird to see due to bird catching activities since 1980s.
Delineation rationale: 2015-06-10 (BL Secretariat): site area changed from 52600 ha to 139270 ha, following 2014 CEPF Ecosystem Profile.
Habitats
Summary of habitats in KBA: Most of the natural vegetation has been changed by human activities into grassland and Casuarina forest. Slope areas are covered by evergreen rainforest. Ecergreen rainforest covered areas between 1000-3000 m and dominated by Pterospermum javanicum and bidara Merimis sp. (MacKinnon et.al. 1982, Coates et.al. 1997, Monk et.al.1997). There is a spectacular Rhododendron forest at altitude between 2600-2900 m (Coates et.al.1997). The area is important for Lombok Island as watercatchment area.
Land use: nature conservation and research
| IUCN Habitat | Coverage % | Habitat detail |
|---|---|---|
| Grassland | 20 | |
| Forest | 80 |
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: Illegal logging, visitor, forest clearence for agriculture and wildlife hunting (Monk et.al.1997)
Additional information
References: Anon. 1998. Statistik Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian Alam 1997/1998. Departement Kehutanan dan Perkebunan, Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian Alam, Jakarta.Coates, B.J., Bishop, K.D. & Gardner, D. 1997. A Guide to the Birds of Wallacea: Sulawesi, the Mollucas and Lesser Sunda Islands. Indonesia. Dove Publication, Australia.Jepson, P., Rais, S., Ora, A.B. and Raharjaningtrah, W. 1996. Telaah Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi untuk Pelestarian Nilai-Nilai Hutan di Pulau Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur. PHPA/BirdLife, Bogor. Laporan No. 5.MacKinnon, J., Beudels, R., Robinson, A. & Artha, M. 1982. A National Conservation Plan for Indonesia Vol IV; Nusa Tenggara. UNDP/FAO, Bogor.Monk. K.A., de Fretes, Y. and Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. 1997. The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Periplus Edition, Singapura Wibowo, P. & Suyatno, N. 1998. An overview of Indonesia Wetland Sites-II: An Update Information-Included in the Indonesian Wetland Database. Wetlands International-Indonesia Programme/PHPA, Bogor.