Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary (18164)
India, Asia
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Year of last assessment: 2004
National site name: Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary
Central coordinates: Latitude: 31.7122, Longitude: 78.0597
System: terrestrial
Elevation (m): 909 to 5605
Area of KBA (km2): 496.94265
Protected area coverage (%): 1.99
KBA classification: Global/Regional TBD
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: This Sanctuary has a wide variation in altitudes, and supports a large diversity of habitats and wildlife. It lies in the catchment area of the Sutlej river and is irrigated by many small streams. The northern portion is covered with glaciers. The Great Himalayan National Park and the Pin Valley National Park are located on its western and northern boundaries respectively. Thus, it forms a large protected area complex, extremely important for alpine, subalpine and broadleaf forest birds. The nearest town is Rampur- Bushahr, about 40 km away. Despite its large size and remoteness from human habitation, this Sanctuary is facing many biotic pressures, such as hydroelectric power generation schemes. Based on the classification of Champion and Seth (1968), there are five forest types in this IBA: Alpine Pastures, Dry Temperate Coniferous Forests, Dry Broadleaf and Coniferous Forests, Kharsu Oak Forest, and Lower Western Himalayan Temperate Forest. The Forest Department has undertaken many plantation schemes for commercial timber and for the fuelwood requirement of the local people. Besides indigenous species, they have also planted exotics such as Poplar Salix and Robinia Robinia pseudacacia.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance because it meets one or more previously established criteria and thresholds for identifying sites of biodiversity importance (including Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, Alliance for Zero Extinction sites, and Key Biodiversity Areas)
Additional biodiversity: AVIFAUNA: No work has been done on the avifauna of this important protected area of the Western Himalayas. Singh et al. (1990) have provided a preliminary list of 27 bird species recorded in the Sanctuary. It is an important habitat for the globally threatened Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus and Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii. Besides these two pheasants, which are restricted to the Western Himalayas, three more Restricted Range species have been identified. However, population density and abundance of any species are not known. Based on the preliminary listing, nine species of Biome-7 and four from Biome-8 have been identified. This list should be considered as only indicative, till more studies are conducted in this IBA. At present, we consider the site as Data Deficient. OTHER KEY FAUNA: This vast sprawling Sanctuary is home to almost all the mammal species of the alpine, sub-alpine and temperate forests of the Western Himalayas. Snow leopard Uncia uncia haunts the cold desert and alpine tracts in search of Blue Sheep Pseudois nayaur, Musk Deer Moschus chrysogaster, Himalayan Tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus and Himalayan Ibex Capra sibirica. At lower elevations, it is replaced by the common Leopard Panthera pardus which hunts Barking deer Muntiacus muntjak, Goral Nemorhaedus goral and Serow Nemorhaedus sumatrensis. The Brown Bear Ursus arctos and Asiatic Black Bear U. thibetanus are found in the altitudinal range of 1,600 to 4,000 m. There are also many smaller mammals recorded.
Habitats
Land use: nature conservation and research | tourism/recreation | urban/industrial/transport | water management
| IUCN Habitat | Coverage % | Habitat detail |
|---|---|---|
| Forest | 33 | |
| Wetlands(Inland) | 33 | |
| Grassland | 33 |
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: MAIN THREATS: Construction and impact of dams; Burning of vegetation; Grazing; Firewood collection; Agriculture. Rupi Bhaba Sanctuary faces a major threat from the Sanjay Vidyut Project, a hydel scheme. Apart from the construction of the generating plant and dam, ancillary activities such as building, industry, transmission lines and housing will affect the area. Another hydel project, the Nathpa Jhakro project, will submerge part of the Sanctuary. Forest fires, hailstorms and drought already affect the area. Both local residents and nomadic Gaddi and Gujjar communities have grazing rights. Sheep from the breeding center at Jeori come to graze. There are 15 villages inside the Sanctuary, so anthropogenic pressure is high.
| Threat level 1 | Threat level 2 | Threat level 3 | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops | Small-holder farming | Ongoing |
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching | Nomadic grazing | Ongoing |
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching | Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | Ongoing |
| Natural system modifications | Dams & water management/use | Large dams | Only in the future |
| Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression | Increase in fire frequency/intensity | Ongoing |
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting | Unintentional effects: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest] | Ongoing |
| Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Ongoing | |
| Climate change & severe weather | Storms & flooding | Ongoing | |
| Residential & commercial development | Commercial & industrial areas | Only in the future | |
| Residential & commercial development | Housing & urban areas | Only in the future | |
| Transportation & service corridors | Utility & service lines | Only in the future |
Additional information
References: Champion, H. G. and Seth, S. K. (1968) A revised survey of forest types of India, Govt. of India Press, Delhi. Singh, S., Kothari, A. and Pande, P. (Eds) (1990) Directory of national parks and sanctuaries in Himachal Pradesh: management status and profiles. Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi. Pp 164.