El Chorogo-Palo Blanco (19269)
Panama, Central America
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Global KBA criteria: A1d, B1, B2
Year of last assessment: 2007
National site name: El Chorogo-Palo Blanco
Central coordinates: Latitude: 8.3000, Longitude: -83.0167
System: terrestrial
Elevation (m): 150 to 689
Area of KBA (km2): 11.04217
KBA classification: Global
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: El Chorogo is the largest area of intact forest remaining in Pacific western Panama below 1,000 m. The forest extends for approximately 10 km along the ridge forming the Panama-Costa Rica border, 11 km west of Puerto Armuelles, at the headwaters of the San Bartolo and Palo Blanco Rivers. The remaining forest is found mainly from 500 m to the top of the ridge at 689 m, but with a few outlying extensions in valleys down to 300 m, and mostly within 500-1000 m of the Costa Rican border. The IBA includes several smaller isolated fragments lower in the valleys, in particular a patch of c. 200 ha about 2 km east, in a steep-sided canyon (150-400 m) of the Palo Blanco River. The terrain is rugged. Although primitive roads extend to the site, they are not maintained, so access is usually on foot or on horseback.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that meets the thresholds for at least one criterion described in the Global Standard for the Identification of KBAs.
Additional biodiversity: El Chorogo contains the best remaining example of the original avifauna of the western Pacific lowlands of Panama. This is the best site in Panama for the globally near-threatened and nationally critically endangered Baird's Trogon. The globally threatened Turquoise and Yellow-billed Cotingas have been recorded, but are rare, with only a few records each. The globally threatened Three-wattled Bellbird is common at least seasonally on the ridgetops, and the near-threatened Great Curassow occurs. Among nationally endangered species (in addition to Baird's Trogon), this is the best remaining site for White-crested Coquette, Golden-naped Woodpecker, Tawny-winged Woodcreeper, and Spot-crowned Euphonia. El Chorogo is the only site in Panama where most of the species of the South Central American Pacific Slope EBA still occur together. It contains 13 of 16 species (81%) of this EBA, as well as 19 of 42 species (45%) of biome N05. Several nationally threatened subspecies are also found here. The site is ornithologically well known, having been visited at least annually since the first survey in 1995 (Angehr unpublished data). Non-bird biodiversity: There is little information on fauna at the site other than birds. The globally endangered Red-backed Squirrel Monkey is fairly common. Central American Wooly Opossum, Silky Anteater, Central American Spider Monkey, Neotropical River Otter, Olingo, Ocelot, Margay and Jaguarundi also occur (Rodríguez 2000, A. Rodríguez pers. com.). Underwood's Pocket Gopher has recently been collected on the Burica Peninsula (R. Samudio, pers. com.) and could occur. Reptiles and amphibians include the frogs Colosthetus flotator and Eleutherodactylus noblei,* the salamander Bolitoglossa lignicolor, and the lizards Anolis polylepis and Leposoma southi (ANCON 1997). Several other species known from the Puerto Armuelles area probably occur; see accounts for Quebrada Mellicita-Charco Azul.
Habitats
Summary of habitats in KBA: El Chorogo conssits of wet lowland evergreen forest. The surrounding area is inhabited by latinos and devoted to cattle and subsistence agriculture, but there are very large banana plantations in the lower drainages of the rivers northeast of Puerto Armuelles. Much of the region was intact forest 20 years ago but has now been almost entirely cleared for cattle.
Land use: agriculture | nature conservation and research
| IUCN Habitat | Coverage % | Habitat detail |
|---|---|---|
| Forest | 95 | |
| Artificial - Terrestrial | 5 |
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: The site was designated a watershed protection forest by the municipality of Puerto Armuelles in 1995, but that status was withdrawn by a new administration in 1999, which has also advocated clearing the forest to forestall its possible designation as a protected area. Property rights are held by several local farmers. The San Bartolo and Palo Blanco watersheds provide 15% of the water for the large banana plantations around Puerto Armuelles, operated by Chiquita Brands International (R. Johnson pers. com.). Part of El Chorogo was logged recently, and given the local deforestation rate, it is likely to be gone entirely within 10-15 years. The site has been proposed for Wildlife Reserve status by AFFABA (a local conservation organization), the Panama Audubon Society and ANCON, but no action has been taken by ANAM.
| Threat level 1 | Threat level 2 | Threat level 3 | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biological resource use | Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | Unintentional effects (species being assessed is not the target) | Ongoing |
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops | Small-holder farming | Only in the future |
| Human intrusions & disturbance | Work & other activities | Ongoing |