Central Mangrove Wetland (19723)
Cayman Islands (to UK), Caribbean
Site overview
KBA status: confirmed
Year of last assessment: 2009
National site name: Central Mangrove Wetland
Central coordinates: Latitude: 19.3167, Longitude: -81.2333
System: marine, terrestrial
Elevation (m): 0 to 2
Area of KBA (km2): 35.53633
Protected area coverage (%): 27.71
KBA classification: Global
Legacy site: Yes
Site details
Site description: The site, a large, almost totally pristine wetland east of North Sound, covers 3,440 ha (30% of the island area) and includes Meagre Bay Pond (40 ha), Pease Bay Pond (6 ha), Malportas Pond (44 ha) and a mangrove islet, Booby Cay. The vegetation height and composition, of red, white and black mangrove and Conocarpus, varies in zones from dwarf monospecific red mangrove on the edge of North Sound to monospecific black mangrove forest on the outer southern boundary. There are many seasonal areas of open water and, interspersed throughout, are 'dry cays' with dry forest species. Malportas Pond is included in this site, although separated from the Central Mangrove Wetland, because whistling ducks breed in the mangrove fringe and a government-funded feeding station is located on the edge of the pond; it is also a major site for wintering and resident waterbirds.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that meets the thresholds for at least one criterion described in the Global Standard for the Identification of KBAs.
Additional biodiversity: The species of global significance are the Vulnerable West Indian Whistling-duck, with at least 1,500 individuals or 83% of the Cayman Islands' population, and the Near-threatened Cuban Parrot caymanensis with a population of 253-379 birds (about 5% of the global population) that breeds in outer monospecific black, black/white and black/red mangrove zones (1,145 ha). There are three biome species: the Greater Antillean Grackle caymanensis, West Indian Woodpecker caymanensis and Loggerhead Kingbird caymanensis. A total of 22 taxa breed including, in a mixed heronry, 500 pairs of Snowy Egrets, Little Blue Herons and Tricoloured Herons; Green Herons and Yellow-crowned Night-herons breed throughout, and there are colonies of White-crowned Pigeons, White-winged Doves and Greater Antillean Grackles caymanensis, as well as Northern Flicker gundlachii, Caribbean Elaenia caymanensis, La Sagra's Flycatcher, Barn Owl, Bananaquit sharpei and Yellow Warbler. Max counts on Meagre Bay, Pease Bay and Malportas Ponds are 55 pairs of Least Terns, 11 pairs of Pied-billed Grebes, 32 pairs of Green Herons, six pairs American Coots, 700+ Common Moorhens(breeding and migrant), 143 pairs of Black-necked Stilts and five pairs of Willets.It is a major wintering site for up to 75 Great Blue Herons, 233 Great Egrets, 1,200 Snowy Egrets, 800 Blue-winged Teals, 25 Northern Shovelers, 38 American Wigeons and 40 Lesser Scaups, 377 American Coots, 180+ Greater Yellowlegs and Lesser Yellowlegs, and flocks of up to 200 Semipalmated Sandpipers. Migrant raptors include Osprey, Merlin and Peregrine Falcon. Regular migrant landbirds include Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Grey Catbird, WhiteeyedVireo, Yellow-throated Vireo, and 21 species of warbler, most commonly Northern Parula, Cape May Warbler, Yellow-rumped Warbler, Yellow-throated Warbler, Palm Warbler, Prairie Warbler, Black-and-white Warbler, American Redstart, Ovenbird and Northern Waterthrush. Non-bird biodiversity: Endemic to Grand Cayman: Agalinis kingsii, known only from this site and the Salina.
Habitats
Summary of habitats in KBA: The wetland is economically important to Grand Cayman for rainfall generation, groundwater replenishment, nature tourism, agriculture, fisheries, the dive industry, hurricane protection and recreation.
Land use: agriculture | fisheries/aquaculture | tourism/recreation | water management
| IUCN Habitat | Coverage % | Habitat detail |
|---|---|---|
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | 33 | |
| Forest | 33 | |
| Marine Intertidal | 33 |
Threats
Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: This site is threatened by proposed road and urban development, despite efforts since 1986 to have it designated as a Ramsar site. The government removed allconservation zones from the 2001 Development Plan for Grand Cayman and, in 2004, this issue was still in the appeal process. The National Trust considers 'its long-termprotection to be one of the fundamental requirements for the well-being of the future generations in the Cayman Islands'. The Avicennia forest that forms the outervegetation zone is the major breeding habitat for two globally threatened species, the Cuban Parrot and West Indian Whistling-duck, and its removal for developmentwould be a major threat to both species. Already, four areas have been cleared for marl-mining pits. Additional threats are destruction of parrot nest sites during illegal trapping and shooting of parrots as a crop pest on the northern boundary of the wetland; packs of feral dogs and feral cats predate on whistling-duck young.