Moreton Bay and Pumicestone Passage (23545)
Australia, Australasia

Site overview

KBA status: confirmed

Global KBA criteria: A1a, A1c, B1, D1a

Year of last assessment: 2009

National site name: Moreton Bay and Pumicestone Passage

Central coordinates: Latitude: -27.4645, Longitude: 153.3005

System: marine, terrestrial

Elevation (m): 0 to 280

Area of KBA (km²): 589.32599

Protected area coverage (%): 94.44

KBA classification: Global

Legacy site: Yes

Site details

Site description: Moreton Bay is a large bay north of Brisbane, extending about 100 km in a north-south direction and between 2-35 km east-west. The IBA is defined as the intertidal area and coastal strip in the strait between the mainland and Bribie Island, and the intertidal area of Moreton Bay from the level of the south of Bribie island to Coombalah Lake and Corrigee, including the whole of Moreton Island but not North or South Stradbrooke Islands. Moreton Island is included as it has much less human impact, significant numbers of roosting birds and unknown numbers of birds in a large swamp on the north of the island. This area is defined by the feeding and roosting areas of migratory shorebirds and is regarded as one of three significant areas for migratory shorebirds in eastern Australia. Large numbers of waders occur in the maze of estuaries and rich tidal flats that are sheltered by the large, inshore sand islands of Bribie, Moreton, North and South Stradbroke. Roughly two-thirds of the waterway is intertidal mudflat or sandflat, and the remainder includes mangroves, seagrass, saltmarsh, sandy spits and forested islands. At high tide, waders rest and digest their food, and these suitable roosting sites near their feeding grounds are usually open areas above high tide (claypans, saltmarshes, sandbars, spits and mangroves), where they can see predators easily. Moreton Bay has been listed as a Ramsar Site since 1999.

Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that meets the thresholds for at least one criterion described in the Global Standard for the Identification of KBAs.

Additional biodiversity: Greater Sand Plovers and Little Tern come close to threshold numbers. Chestnut Teal may regularly exceed the threshold of 1000 birds based on counts of 1100 in 1999 and 2001 (Atlas of Australian Birds database). There have been counts of up to 1122 near threatened Black-tailed Godwit. The site regularly contains in excess of 40,000 waders. A maximum 25 Beach Stone-curlew have been observed during surveys of 145 wader roost sites between Caloundra and Wave Break Island. Non-bird biodiversity: Whales - Humpback, Southern Right, Killer, Sperm, Melon-headed and Minke all visit Moreton Bay. Dugongs feed on the extensive seagrass beds. Grey nurse sharks congregate around particular rocky grottos. Hawksbill, Green and Loggerhead Turtles are three species that extensively use Moreton Bay as a hatchery for young. A number of species of dolphins are found in Moreton Bay such as two species of Indo-pacific Bottlenose, Indo-pacific Humpback, Common Dolphin and Irrawaddy Dolphin. Seven species of mangroves are found in Moreton Bay. A high density of marine plants exist in the bay including seven species of seagrass belonging to five different families.

Other site values: Redcliffe City, Gold Coast City, Brisbane City, Pine Rivers, Caboolture and Redland Shire Councils. They are responsible for managing roosts on most of the freehold and leasehold land on the mainland and islands. Queensland Environmental Protection Agency is the management agency for the islands in Moreton Bay within national parks.

Habitats

Land use: fisheries/aquaculture | nature conservation and research | tourism/recreation

IUCN Habitat	Coverage %	Habitat detail
Forest	14
Marine Intertidal	61
Marine Neritic	25

Threats

Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: Local governments to consider relevant shorebird information in their assessment of development applications and relevant management plans and to prepare planning schemes that facilitate appropriate management of shorebirds and their habitats (maintain the quantity and quality of shorebird habitat along Moreton Bay). State agencies with management responsibilities to prepare management plans that ensure appropriate management of shorebirds and their habitats along Moreton Bay.

Threat level 1	Threat level 2	Threat level 3	Timing
Pollution	Domestic & urban waste water	Type Unknown/Unrecorded	Only in the future
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops	Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Only in the future
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching	Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Only in the future
Biological resource use	Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources	Unintentional effects: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is not the target) [harvest]	Only in the future
Natural system modifications	Dams & water management/use	Dams (size unknown)	Only in the future
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression	Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Only in the future
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression	Suppression in fire frequency/intensity	Only in the future
Pollution	Agricultural & forestry effluents	Type Unknown/Unrecorded	Only in the future
Pollution	Industrial & military effluents	Type Unknown/Unrecorded	Only in the future
Residential & commercial development	Commercial & industrial areas		Ongoing
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads		Ongoing
Human intrusions & disturbance	Recreational activities		Ongoing
Climate change & severe weather	Storms & flooding		Only in the past and unlikely to return

Additional information

References: Driscoll, P.V. (1996) The distribution of waders along the Queensland coastline. Report to the QLD Department of Environment and Heritage. Queensland Wader Study Group (2006).Queensland Wader Database for Moreton Bay.