Key Biodiversity Areas

Tuchola Forest (965)
Poland, Europe

Site overview


KBA status: confirmed
Year of last assessment: 2010
National site name: Bory Tucholskie
Central coordinates: Latitude: 53.9833, Longitude: 17.8667
System: freshwater, terrestrial
Elevation (m): 119 to 207
Area of KBA (km2): 3803.04799
Protected area coverage (%): 95.65
KBA classification: Regional
Legacy site: Yes

Site details


Site description: The area is part of the great Tuchola `sandr' (outwash plain of glacial origin). The terrain is varied, with elevated plains, extensive hills, many hummocks, valleys and troughs, and is drained by the Brda river and its many tributaries (the largest being the Zbrzyca). Some of the rivers have steep gradients and strong flows. Of 60 lakes in this area, the largest is Charzykowskie lake (1,363 ha), and the deepest is Ostrowite lake (43 m deep). Many are flow-lakes, being part of the Brda river system, and most have low to moderate levels of nutrients. Forests are dominated by pine Pinus. On richer soils there are dry-ground forests of hornbeam Carpinus, birch Betula, beech Fagus and oak Quercus, and near watercourses and reservoirs there is riverside carr and forest of alder Alnus. There are fens, connected with rivers and lakes, as well as (in hollows) raised bogs and transitional mires.
Rationale for qualifying as KBA: This site qualifies as a Key Biodiversity Area of international significance that was identified using previously established criteria and thresholds for the identification of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) and for which available data indicate that it does not meet global KBA criteria and thresholds set out in the Global Standard.
Additional biodiversity: An important wintering site for swans Cygnus (all three European species), which also holds 10% of the national population of Pandion haliaetus on passage. A total of 107 species have been recorded breeding; breeding species of global conservation concern that do not meet IBA criteria: Haliaeetus albicilla (three pairs).
Delineation rationale: 2004: the site area has been expanded from 38,815 ha to 360,000 ha.

Habitats


Land use: agriculture (17%) | fisheries/aquaculture (8%) | forestry (57%) | hunting | nature conservation and research (12%) | urban/industrial/transport (5%)
IUCN HabitatCoverage %Habitat detail
Wetlands(Inland)4
Grassland7
Shrubland1
Artificial - Terrestrial22
Forest66

Threats


Summary of threats to biodiversity at KBA: Forestry work close to, or in, buffer zones designated for nesting Haliaeetus albicilla, Bubo bubo and Ciconia nigra disturbs these particular species, as does tourism/recreation.
Threat level 1Threat level 2Threat level 3Timing
Natural system modificationsDams & water management/useAbstraction of surface water (agricultural use)Ongoing
Biological resource useHunting & collecting terrestrial animalsIntentional use (species being assessed is the target)Ongoing
Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesInvasive non-native/alien species/diseasesUnspecified speciesOngoing
Climate change & severe weatherStorms & floodingOngoing
Residential & commercial developmentTourism & recreation areasOngoing